Cannabis Extraction for Edible Production

April 23, 2024 by Colin Darcel

Edibles The cannabis industry has seen an increase in the variety of products now available to the public. Cannabis can now be purchased in the form of oils, tinctures, vapes, edibles, and more. For those who do not partake in smoking or vaping but still want to use cannabis, edibles are a good alternative. In this blog, we will explore how cannabis edibles are made as well as the role that cannabis extraction plays in edible manufacturing.

Harvesting and Processing

The process of edible manufacturing begins with cannabis plants that are grown over a period of 3-6 months and harvested. Following the harvest, the plants are dried, trimmed, cured, sorted, and ground. These steps are completed to ensure that the cannabis biomass is in a suitable state for extraction.

Cannabis Extraction

Extraction is the process of separating desired compounds from a material using various techniques. In the case of cannabis, the primary goal is to extract cannabinoids such as THC and CBD. These extracted compounds are a part of the foundation of edible production. In the next section, this blog will cover a few different methods of extraction.

Methods of Extraction

→ Solvent Based Extraction:

One common extraction method involves using solvents such as ethanol, butane, or hexane to extract the desired compounds from the plant material. Each solvent has various pros and cons associated with their use in cannabis extraction.

Carbon dioxide extraction uses CO₂ in a supercritical state to extract cannabinoids and terpenes without leaving behind harmful residue. Supercritical extraction involves using a combination of pressure and temperature to bring a solvent like CO₂ to a supercritical state, where it behaves both as a liquid and a gas. This method produces quality extracts with minimal solvent residue.

→ Solventless Extraction:

For those who wish to avoid solvents, solventless extraction methods offer a great alternative approach. Techniques such as Vapor-Static extraction (using hot air) or cold-water extraction are used to separate the desired compounds without the need for chemical solvents.

Creating Oils and Extracts

Once the desired compounds have been extracted from the plant matter, they are further processed to create oils and extracts suitable for use in edibles, this involves several steps. The steps that are required is dependent on which method of extraction is used, and can include the following:

→ Winterization:

Winterization is a process that involves chilling the extract in cold ethanol to precipitate out the fats, waxes, and other undesirable compounds. This step helps improve the purity and clarity of the final product.

→ Decarboxylation:

Many cannabinoids in their raw form are inactive and must be decarboxylated (heated) to activate their desired properties. This process is crucial for converting THCA (non-psychoactive) into THC (psychoactive) and CBDA into CBD.

→ Filtration and Distillation:

Filtration is used to remove any remaining impurities or particulates from the extract. Distillation, particularly short path or wiped film distillation can further purify the extract by separating different compounds based on their boiling points.

Using Oils and Extracts in Edibles

Finally, the purified extract is blended with carrier oils or other ingredients to create a standardized product with precise cannabinoid concentrations. This step allows manufacturers to tailor the potency and consistency of their oils and extracts to meet specific requirements. With high-quality oils and extracts in hand, the possibilities for creating cannabis edibles are endless. These versatile ingredients can be incorporated into a wide range of products, including:

→ Baked Goods:

From brownies and cookies to cakes and muffins, cannabis-infused baked goods are favorites among edibles enthusiasts. Oils and extracts can be seamlessly integrated into recipes, providing a convenient way to enjoy the benefits of cannabinoids without the need for smoking or vaping.

→ Beverages:

Cannabis oils can be infused into beverages such as teas, coffees, sodas, and much more. Water-soluble formulations are particularly well-suited for creating infused beverages with consistent potency and flavor profiles.

→ Confections:

Chocolates, gummies, and other confections provide a convenient and enjoyable way to consume cannabis extracts. Precisely dosed and crafted, these treats offer a sweet alternative to traditional methods of consumption.

→ Savory Snacks:

Savory snacks infused with cannabis extracts are gaining popularity for their unique flavor profiles and convenient dosing options. Savory edibles appeal to a wide range of palates and can be enjoyed in various social settings.

Cannabis extraction plays a pivotal role in the creation of oils and extracts used to make edibles. Through meticulous processing and formulation, manufacturers can transform raw plant material into standardized products with precise cannabinoid concentrations.

Learn More About Cannabis Extraction Methods & Equipment

Solventless Extraction:

Vapor Static Extraction
Water Extraction - Trident

Solvent Extraction:

Turnkey Extraction Facilities
Ethanol Extraction
CO2 Winterization

Whether enjoyed in baked goods, beverages, confections, or savory snacks, cannabis edibles offer another way to experience the desired benefits of cannabinoids.

As the industry continues to evolve, innovations in extraction technology and formulation techniques are poised to further expand the possibilities of cannabis infused edibles.

Contact Maratek today to learn more.